After maneuvering through extensive paperwork and enduring long waiting periods, the Oath of Allegiance ceremony represents the final step of the naturalization process to becoming a U.S. citizen. It’s a celebratory moment, yet the ceremony has several key requirements.

In this article, we provide insight into the ceremony proceedings and offer guidance on how to prepare for it. Read on to learn more about what you may expect before, during and after the allegiance ceremony.

Understanding the Oath of Allegiance ceremony

The Oath of Allegiance ceremony is the grand finale of the U.S. naturalization process. During it, you transition from holding a green card as a lawful permanent resident to being a full-fledged citizen.

The ceremony has roots stretching back centuries, with its earliest forms appearing in colonial America. When the first naturalization law passed in 1790, an oath of allegiance was part of the process for foreigners to become U.S. citizens. The oath’s wording has evolved, reflecting the nation’s growth and changing values. Similarly, the procedures surrounding the ceremony have flowed with time.

Regardless of these minor changes the ceremony’s main event has remained the same: the Oath of Allegiance. With this, you pledge loyalty to the United States and solidify your status as a U.S. citizen. 

Here are some things to keep in mind:

Preparing for the Oath of Allegiance ceremony

Understanding the Oath of Allegiance ceremony requirements is much easier when you break them down into a step-by-step process.

1. Receive the invitation

If USCIS has everything it needs to approve your application based on your Form N-400 (Application for Naturalization) and interview, it may offer you the option to take your Oath of Allegiance on the same day as your interview. If that happens, USCIS will ask you to return to the office later in the day. 

In most cases, though, after you successfully pass your naturalization interview, USCIS mails you a Form N-445, Notice of Naturalization Oath Ceremony. This document specifies the date, time and location of the Oath of Allegiance ceremony to attend. Double-check all details on the notice for accuracy. Report any mistakes to USCIS immediately, because even small mistakes may delay your naturalization process.

2. Complete the questionnaire

If you received a Form N-445, on the back is a questionnaire. These questions pertain to your activities and character since your citizenship interview. Your responses help USCIS ensure that you still meet all eligibility requirements for naturalization. Answer all the questions honestly before arriving at the ceremony.

3. Gather necessary documents

Bring your green card, completed Form N-445 (if applicable) and any other identification requested in your ceremony notice or after your interview. You may need a driver’s license, state identification card or passport.

4. Arrive early

It’s crucial to arrive at the specified location at least 30 minutes before the ceremony starts, especially if it’s in a larger venue. This will give you time to park and get through security.

5. Check in

Before taking the oath, USCIS officials will ask you to surrender your green card. This is because you won’t need it anymore; you’ll soon be a U.S. citizen. You’ll also show your appointment notice to a USCIS official so they can verify that you’re on the list of attendees. Once the official confirms your attendance, you’ll receive a welcome packet. This often includes items like a copy of the U.S. Constitution and an American flag.

6. Participate in the ceremony

The ceremony may open with speakers, presentations and music. When instructed, stand, raise your right hand and recite the Oath of Allegiance with the group. You may also recite the Pledge of Allegiance and sing songs, such as the national anthem.

7. Receive your naturalization certificate

After the oath, you’ll receive your Certificate of Naturalization. Review it for accuracy immediately and notify a USCIS official if you find any errors. Then congratulate yourself for reaching the end of your citizenship journey, and celebrate with family, loved ones and friends.

Modifications to the Oath of Allegiance

Some people have objections to certain parts of the Oath of Allegiance based on their personal beliefs. For instance, religious pacifists may feel uncomfortable with swearing to bear arms on behalf of the country. Other people may object to the phrase “so help me God” at the end of the oath. 

You can request modifications to the oath to fit with your personal beliefs. However, you must notify USCIS before the ceremony and provide adequate explanation or proof to support your claim.

After the Oath of Allegiance ceremony

After the Oath of Allegiance ceremony, there are several steps that can help you transition into your new status as a U.S. citizen:

1. Update your Social Security record

Visit your local Social Security Administration (SSA) office to update your citizenship status. This is vital for receiving federal benefits and filling out a tax return.

2. Apply for a U.S. passport

While your Certificate of Naturalization serves as evidence of your U.S. citizenship, a U.S. passport is more portable proof. You may apply for one at certain post offices and Department of State agencies.

3. Register to vote

As a U.S. citizen, you have the right to vote in federal, state and local elections. You may register at local government offices, public assistance offices or when you renew your driver’s license.

4. Update your I-9 records

If you have a job, inform your employer of your new status and update your Employment Eligibility Verification form (Form I-9). Doing so affects your tax withholdings and helps you receive the appropriate benefits.

5. Sponsor family members

U.S. citizens may sponsor their family members for U.S. permanent residency or citizenship. If you have family members interested in becoming U.S. citizens, consider starting this process.

How an attorney may help

The Oath of Allegiance ceremony is largely a celebratory event. However, you may find an experienced immigration attorney helpful in processes to reach the ceremony. They can assist you with completing and submitting your N-400, responding to any requests for evidence (RFEs) and preparing for your interview.